No where close to filling it. If I remember correctly a 9mm case will hold 3 throws of 3.4gr titegroup without overfilling the case, but it would be very obviously full. Regardless, if you are watching every case a double charge of even titegroup should be pretty obvious. However, a sooty case, maybe not great lighting, it could be missed. Another reason I like wet tumbling, gets the inside of the cases cleaner making powder easier to see.
The updated Dillon powder measure uses a failsafe rod that doesn't reset the powder measure unless the shell plate goes to the bottom, which would rotate the plate, so a double charge should be hard to do.
@Jerzsubbie, do you recall any weird distractions during that reload session that could have made it possible to double charge a case?