There’s not much that’s really permanent. There’s not a single regulation that says you have to be able to return it to the specs on the form, which is why the old FAQ (on the ATF’s site) used the word recommend instead of require when talking about making permanent changes.
I’m not familiar with the platform in question. Would the new barrel be engraved with the caliber like on the AR platform? If so, that satisfies the marking requirements.